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How Robotic Surgery Is Reshaping Pediatric Care Safely and Effectively

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In the ever-evolving landscape of pediatric surgery, advances in technology continue to revolutionize patient care. Among these innovations, robotic surgery stands out as a transformative approach, offering unparalleled precision and control in delicate pediatric cases.

Steven Raymond, MD, an assistant professor of surgery in the University of Florida Division of Pediatric Surgery, sheds light on the significance of pediatric robotic surgery and its implications for young patients at UF Health. He aims to clarify what robotic surgery entails and address any concerns patients may have about this approach to pediatric care.

What is pediatric robotic surgery?

Pediatric robotic surgery involves the use of a robotic system to perform minimally invasive surgery with small incisions, typically in the chest or abdomen. Through these incisions, a high-definition 3D camera and slender instruments are inserted, allowing the surgeon to control the procedure from a console in the operating room next to the patient.

It’s important to note the surgeon is in complete control of the procedure, with the robotic system acting as a tool under their guidance, rather than autonomously performing the surgery.

Advantages of robotic surgery

One of the key advantages Dr. Raymond highlights is the enhanced precision and control robotic technology offers. This precision translates into improved visualization of critical anatomy, greater range of motion compared with the human hand and minimal scarring due to small incisions. These factors collectively contribute to safer surgical outcomes and improved patient experiences.

“The precision and accuracy of robotic surgery provide the surgeon pinpoint control of the surgical instruments, reducing risk of damaging surrounding tissue,” Dr. Raymond said.

How it differs from traditional surgery

Compared with traditional open surgery, robotic surgery offers several benefits for pediatric patients. Traditional open surgery typically requires larger incisions, resulting in more tissue trauma, longer hospital stays and extended recovery periods.

In contrast, robotic surgery uses small, minimally invasive incisions, leading to less postoperative pain, reduced risk of infection and shorter recovery times. While ongoing comparison studies are being conducted on the surgical methods, many published studies have demonstrated favorable outcomes with robotic surgery.

Laparoscopic surgery vs. robotic surgery

While both laparoscopic and robotic surgeries are minimally invasive techniques, there are key differences between the two. Laparoscopic surgery involves the use of long, thin instruments controlled directly by the surgeon, while robotic surgery uses robotic arms controlled by the surgeon from a console.

Robotic surgery offers greater control and precision due to the articulating instruments and 3D visualization, leading to reduced postoperative pain and shorter hospital stays compared with laparoscopic surgery. And the enhanced visualization and precision afforded by robotic technology allow surgeons to perform complex procedures more accurately and safely.

Common pediatric conditions treated

Robotic surgery is used in some pediatric cases of gallstones and other gallbladder-related issues, hiatal hernia, ovarian cysts and abdominal masses. It’s also frequently used for spleen removal and other spleen-related issues.

Future trends and technologies

Looking ahead, advances in robotic systems are expected to lead to even smaller incisions and instruments without compromising precision or visualization. Dr. Raymond expects enhanced imaging techniques, more versatile robotic systems and a broader integration of technology that will shape the landscape of pediatric surgical care for years to come.

However, given the small size of some patients, pediatric surgery has its challenges.

“A limitation that continues to be faced by pediatric surgeons in all aspects of surgery, which also applies to robotic-assisted surgery, is the ability to have instrument sizes appropriate for small-scale procedures in the youngest and smallest patients,” Dr. Raymond said. “This is an area where technological advancements are both advocated for and anticipated.”

Addressing patient concerns

Acknowledging that the term “robotic surgery” may evoke unease in some patients, Dr. Raymond emphasizes the importance of educating patients and their families about the nature of robotic surgery. It's essential to remember the surgeon controls the instruments at all times.

By demystifying robotic surgery and highlighting the surgeon’s continuous control over the instruments, he aims toalleviate concerns and foster confidence in the technique.

“I view this technology as another tool at the surgeon’s disposal that, when utilized properly, can lead to safer operations and quicker recoveries,” he said.

About the author

For the media

Media contact

Peyton Wesner
Communications Manager for UF Health External Communications
pwesner@ufl.edu (352) 273-9620