UF Health Gynecology Oncology: Conditions

Gynecological cancers include gestational trophoblastic disease, cervical, uterine, vaginal, vulvar and ovarian cancers. Most gynecological cancers do not show symptoms until late in development, it is important for women to have annual examinations for early detection.

Early examination tests

Signs and symptoms of gynecological cancer

  • Enlargement of the abdomen
  • Persistent digestive disturbances
  • Abnormal vaginal bleeding
  • Abnormal vaginal discharge
  • Pelvic and abdomen pain

Types of Gynecological Cancers

  • Cervical cancer 
    Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women. There are an estimated 16,000 new cases of invasive cancer of the cervix and 5,000 deaths in the United States each year.
  • Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD)
    Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of conditions in which tumors grow inside a woman’s uterus.
  • Uterine Carcinoma
    Uterine carcinoma is the most common cancer in the United States among women. Risk factors include obesity and estrogen stimulation.
  • Vaginal Cancer
    Vaginal cancer is the cancer of the vagina and most usually occurs when another cancer, such as cervical or endometrial cancer, spreads.
  • Vulvar cancer
    Vulvar cancer is relatively rare and highly curable when diagnosed in an early stage. The incidence is two per 100,000 women. Risk factors include chronic vulvar irritation and sexually transmitted diseases.
  • Ovarian cancer
    Ovarian cancer ranks fifth in cancer deaths among women, totaling more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system